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Managing ‘Enterprise’ Support

March 28, 2008 by admin

DCLG has sparked a renewed interest in enterprise in deprived communities with its investment in Local Enterprise Growth Initiative.  The focus on enterprise is in danger of being overwhelmed by the much larger and wider  investments going into the worklessness agenda (with more of a focus on routes into employment rather than creating your own work).   It must be quite strange from the residents point of view.  One week someone from the ‘Government’ is urging them to get ‘a great business idea’ or ‘start a social enterprise’ and the next week someone else is telling them to ‘brush up their CV’,  ‘join a job club’ and ‘seek work’.  I suppose we should not be surprised that these appear to be competing initiatives at the neighbourhood level – fighting to engage the same people in their respective ‘customer journeys’.   But I would like to think that more could be done to help individual residents to see these as two possible options on their journey.

I think it is interesting to meet the range of service providers involved in the local enterprise work.  Some come from a very ‘public service/third sector’ orientation while others have a much more ‘follow the money’ mentality looking to deliver the outputs (often very poorly specified) at lowest cost.   This latter group usually have more experience of the way that public money is spent and understand that at some point they will be held to account for what they done.  From day one they count and record what they think will interest the funders.   The worrying thing for me is that both sides of this divide need a little bit of what the other side has to offer.  Both risk failure for different reasons.

It is also clear to me the LEGI investments are not an end in themselves but rather provide an opportunity to play a part in a much monger term, potentially lucrative and worthwhile game.  The cities and regions that can show that they can take public sector funding and provide a return on that investment in terms of reduced benefit budgets, improved health and psychological well being, reductions in crime and grime, increased tax takes and NI contributions and a whole range of other social and economic benefits will surely position themselves well for future investment.

Those that deliver a range of occasionally interesting, but ultimately unproven projects, are unlikely to see further funding once the LEGI money runs out.  My worry is that some do not seem to be aware of the possibility of this larger game and are happy to settle for the effective project management of what they already have resigned to the fact that it will all be wound up in a few short years when the money has all been spent.

So the challenge is to create significant value from the current investments and to demonstrate that value in hard cash terms to funders.

Filed Under: enterprise, entrepreneurship, management, Uncategorized Tagged With: community, development, enterprise, entrepreneurship, management, strategy, Uncategorized

Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation

March 18, 2008 by admin

The Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation in the US is one of the world’s top organisations for research and development into the SME sector. Although care has to be taken in translating their work (largely research based in the US) to the UK, I always find their publications to be worth a read.

They have just published a report following a longitudinal study of some 5000 small firms that were founded in 2004, tracking their development through the early years. I think that the report should provide useful insights for policy makers here in the UK and national and local levels as well as for anyone in the game of small business development supporting entrepreneurs.

Here are some soundbites from the report – and the questions that they provoke for me:

  • Nearly 60 percent of the businesses had no employees in their first year. Just under three-quarters of businesses had one employee or less, while about one-quarter of businesses had two or more employees. Very few businesses (less than 4 percent) had more than 10 employees.
    • How do the stats on our start-up work compare with this? Is number of employees in year 1 linked in to entrepreneurial success? Does a ‘slow’ start lead to a ‘slow’ future?
  • More than a third of businesses (37 percent) had no revenue in their first year of operation. About 45 percent of businesses experienced a profit during their first year, while about 55 percent of businesses that experienced a loss. About 17 percent of businesses had profits in excess of $100,000.
    • How realistic are our entrepreneurs forecasts on profit and turnover?
    • How good a job do we do in helping them to develop realistic forecasts?
    • What can we do to help entrepreneurs recognise that profit may only accrue after a long period of working at the business?
  • Nearly 44 percent of new businesses had no debt financing during their first year of operation. Many businesses were started with very little debt financing: 17 percent of businesses started with $5,000 or less; nearly 11 percent started with $100,000 or more.
    • What percentage of businesses that we support are adequately financed at the outset? How can we help entrepreneurs to consider their financial structures and approach re-structuring as an opportunity if necessary?
  • About 80 percent of businesses had some positive equity investment in their business in the first year. Nearly 10 percent invested $100,000 of equity into their business, while another 33 percent invested between $10,001 and $100,000. About one-quarter of businesses invested some amount less than $5,000.
    • How does equity finance work in poorer communities?
    • What alternatives to equity finance exist?
  • The vast majority of equity invested came from the business owners themselves. Just 10 percent of the businesses used external equity sources in their first year. Parents were the most common source of external equity (3.4 percent), while spouses provided equity to 1.6 percent of businesses. Non-family informal investors and venture capitalists were used very infrequently (2.7 percent and 0.6 percent, respectively).
  • Nearly 70 percent of businesses in the Kauffman data were owned by men and just over 30 percent were owned by women. Whites owned more than 81 percent of the businesses, while blacks owned 9 percent, Asians owned 4 percent, and the remaining 5 percent were owned by individuals of other racial groups. About 6.6 percent of the businesses were owned by Hispanics.
    • How effective are we at engaging the full spectrum of race, gender, sexuality and faith in feeding their enterprising soul?
  • Just under 9 percent of firms closed in calendar year 2005, and the survival rates vary by owner demographics. For example, 88 percent of black-owned businesses survived, compared with 92 percent of white-owned businesses and 91 percent of Asian-owned businesses. Women-owned businesses had a survival rate of 89 percent, about three percentage points lower than businesses owned by men.
    • What are we doing to track survival rates and understand patterns in them that may point to problems in the quality or accessibility of our services?
    • Starting a business is (relatively) easy. Starting a successful business that provides a vehicle for personal and professional development and allows us to develop as happy human beings is a whole different ball game. How are we tracking the ‘happiness’ of the entrepreneurs we work with?
    • Are business survival, jobs created and profitability the only important metrics? or should we looking at other aspects of the entrepreneurs satisfaction and well-being?
    • If we succeed in increasing business birth rates, should we also accept an inevitable increase in business failure rates?
    • Do we understand the full cost of business failure – economic, emotional, mental etc?

Each year the Kauffman Foundation produces an excellent ‘Thoughtbook’ that summarises it research findings and showcases some of the excellent work that the Foundation funds to support a wide range of entrepreneurs.  You can request a  copy here.

Which websites and organisations do you use to access information and support?

Filed Under: enterprise, entrepreneurship, management Tagged With: business planning, development, enterprise, entrepreneurship, management, professional development, start up, strategy, training

Enterprise is More than Entrepreneurship

March 14, 2008 by admin

track.jpg

One of the things that bugs me (especially when I catch myself doing it) is when we use enterprise and entrepreneurship as if they were almost the same thing.

For me, ‘enterprise’ describes a set of behaviours that are defined at the level of the individual. For example, if Richard Branson were to set up another major record label and make a few quid – by his standards that would not be very enterprising. Stuff he has done before – to great success – so where’s the enterprise? However for him to get into space travel, railways, ballooning, cosmetics etc is enterprising because they are new challenges.

So enterprise is a relative concept defined by the individual and where they are starting from. If we want to encourage more ‘enterprise’ especially in areas of deprivation with few enterprising role models we have to be prepared to accept wider definitions of enterprise. We have to acknowledge the concept of introducing people to an enterprise journey that may take years to get close to ‘starting a business’ or that may head in a completely different direction.

So a young person in South Leeds who attends a training course to qualify as a referee is ‘enterprising’. The provision of the referee training course has encouraged enterprise. If we are canny, once we have engaged that individual in their enterprising journey we can then help them to plot the next steps – to help keep them moving forward. Enterprising people are making positive things happen.

By defining enterprise too narrowly as ‘starting a business’ or ‘becoming self employed’ we are often encouraging people to start their enterprise journey at a point that is already a very long way down the tracks. This significantly increases the chances of failure and loss of engagement.

To avoid this trap we need to be very careful in the way we specify, commission, deliver and evaluate the impact of ‘enterprise growth’ projects.

Filed Under: enterprise, entrepreneurship Tagged With: community, development, enterprise, entrepreneurship, start up, strategy

When the Business Idea Just Will Not Work…

March 11, 2008 by admin

Pet Rocks

I am currently putting together a professional development programme for people who provide a range of ‘enterprise support services’.

I am trying to establish the challenges that they face and where professional or service development support might help. One of the commonest problems reported is that of helping the client to recognise when their business idea is just ‘not viable’.

The implication of this is that as ‘professionals’ we know whether a business idea can or cannot be made to work. We understand the financial dynamics of the business and the marketplace and we can foretell the future – absolutely. The challenge is how to get the client to recognise what we already know to be true.

  • Do we just tell them that we know the business won’t work?
  • Or do we carefully lead them to the same, ‘obviously right’, conclusion.
  • Or do we recognise that our beliefs could be wrong and focus on helping the client to develop their own business idea free of any negative bias from us?

My guess is that there are many, many very successful businesses that would never of started trading had their adviser not carefully and skillfully pursued this third option.

For example there is this company that sells tumbleweed (‘I would just like to talk to you about an idea that I have for a business. You see all these weeds that are blowing across the prairie? I reckon I can sell them mail order over the Internet….’). Any takers for the first Dandelion Emporium or Himalayan Balsam Wholesaler?

  • Then, closer to home there is this company that makes haute couture for ferrets.
  • Then there are doggles (goggles for dogs),
  • And a guy who will sell you a ‘pixel‘ on the Internet for a dollar (don’t laugh, he has sold them all and made his million!).
  • Or this company who make plastic ‘wishbones’ so there are no more fights over who gets the wishbone (does anyone still do that?)
  • Or this company who sell plastic balls to go on the end of your car aerial and make them look pretty!
  • Or the pet rock company that started in 1975 and swept the planet!

The big lesson for me has to be that it is impossible for us to ‘know’ whether a business idea is viable or not.

Some real stinkers have made millions and even more really great ideas have bombed. Learning to recognise and set aside our own prejudices and beliefs so that we can help the entrepreneur to explore and develop their business idea and manage there own exposure to financial and psychological risk must be an important professional development goal for many of us.

There is a link here to my earlier post on barriers to enterprise. ‘Adviser negativity’ surely has to be added to the list!

Let me know your favourite ‘business ideas that should never of worked’ so we can grow the collection.

Filed Under: enterprise, entrepreneurship Tagged With: business planning, development, enterprise, entrepreneurship, professional development, viable business ideas

Barriers to Enterprise

March 4, 2008 by admin

The Separation Wall - Palestine

I am starting a collection of barriers to enterprise – reasons why people do not put their enterprising ideas into practice.

My collections is a little small at the moment – so please help me by using the comments box to add to the collection:

  1. If I start my own business I will lose my benefits and be worse off – The Benefits Barrier
  2. I don’t have the ability to run my own business – The Confidence Barrier
  3. I don’t have any ideas for a new business – The Creativity Barrier
  4. Whatever I try to do will end in a mess – The Confidence Barrier II
  5. I don’t have any cash to help me start up a business – The Access to Finance Barrier
  6. I can’t start a business – who would look after the kids – The Childcare Barrier
  7. I haven’t got anywhere to run a business from – The Premises Barrier
  8. I haven’t got any way of getting around – the Transport Barrier
  9. If I start a busniess the taxman will not make it worth my while – The Taxation Barrier
  10. I don’t know how to go about employing people – The ‘HR’ Barrier

So please add to my collection – either new barriers or different examples of the barriers already identified. Then perhaps we can look at ways to remove them…

Filed Under: enterprise, entrepreneurship Tagged With: barriers, barriers to enterprise, enterprise, entrepreneurship

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